A major deadline is approaching for millions of computer users worldwide. Microsoft will officially end support for Windows 10 on Tuesday, 14 October. After that date, security updates will stop, leaving many PCs exposed to cyber threats. Without regular patches, hackers and malware could more easily target older systems. Microsoft urges users to upgrade to Windows 11 for free, but many devices won’t meet the newer system’s hardware demands. Nathan Proctor, senior director at the US consumer group PIRG, warns that the change could hurt both consumers and the environment.
Millions still depend on the ageing system
Windows continues to dominate the global computer market. Microsoft says its software runs on more than 1.4 billion devices. According to Statcounter, around 43% of those were still using Windows 10 in July 2025. In the UK, consumer organisation Which? estimates about 21 million people still rely on Windows 10. A September survey found that roughly a quarter of those users plan to keep using it even after support ends. One in seven said they expect to buy a new computer.
Consumer groups have criticised Microsoft’s decision, saying it will drive unnecessary spending and add to electronic waste. “People are tired of devices that stop working or lose software support too soon,” said Proctor. “We deserve technology that lasts,” he added.
What users can do to stay secure
Microsoft gives personal users two choices. They can upgrade to Windows 11 or sign up for extended security updates for one more year. Both options can be accessed through the “Privacy and Security” section in system settings. Users with eligible hardware can upgrade to Windows 11 for free. However, many will need to buy new hardware, even if their current computers still function well.
For those who cannot or do not want to upgrade, Microsoft will continue providing critical security updates through its Extended Security Updates (ESU) programme until October 2026. The ESU only covers security patches and excludes technical support or feature updates. Users in the European Economic Area can register for ESU at no cost. Others can qualify by updating to the latest version of Windows 10, creating a Microsoft account, and backing up their PC settings.
If users do not meet these criteria, they must pay $30 (£22) or use 1,000 Microsoft Rewards points to access ESU. Businesses using Windows 10 will pay $61 per device, depending on their region.
How Windows will change after October
Since its launch in 2015, Windows 10 has received frequent updates to improve security, fix bugs, and add features. Microsoft now wants users to move on to Windows 11. However, the newer system has stricter hardware requirements and demands a Microsoft account for full functionality. Even those extending Windows 10’s lifespan through ESU must have one. Some users have raised privacy concerns about this requirement.
The risks of doing nothing
When support ends, Windows 10 devices will no longer receive vital security fixes. This will make them more vulnerable to viruses, ransomware, and other cyber threats. Without updates, the system’s defences will weaken over time.
In recent months, major cyberattacks have targeted retailers, carmakers, and childcare providers. Microsoft’s Chief Marketing Officer, Yusuf Mehdi, warns that companies running unsupported software could face compliance issues. Developers may also stop providing updates for older operating systems, reducing compatibility with new applications.
For millions of users, the clock is ticking. Upgrading ensures continued protection and performance, while staying on Windows 10 means accepting growing risks in an increasingly connected world.
